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Sep 14,2020
EuroTier CHINA (ETC) SEP. 2020 in Chengdu City
Jul 07,2020
INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMER VISITING
CHINA FEED INDUSTRY EXHIBITION 2019
LOCAL CUSTOMER VISITING
Physiological Characteristics of Poultry Liver
Physiological Characteristics of Poultry Liver The liver of poultry is a large organ, accounting for about 2% of the body weight. It is located in the lower part of the abdominal cavity. The right part is larger than left part, with gallbladder under it. The liver of chicken is special. There are bile ducts on the two parts of liver. The bile ducts in the left go directly to the duodenum, and the bile ducts in the right go first to the gallbladder and then to the duodenum. The liver of the newly born poultry is yellowish brown, especially in the first seven days. Many people think the problem is related to the health, but it’s actually the normal color. Because it absorbs a lot of yolk. The liver of adult chicken is generally dark red or brownish red and elastic. Of course, the obese poultry liver contains more fat, which is yellowish brown. It can also be said that the current chicken and human are the same. A lot of people will find liver problem after 40 years old. Most of them have fatty liver somehow. Nowadays, most of the chickens have excess nutrition, together with some toxic factors and some disease. It easily cause liver problem and disease. When you dissect a chicken, the first thing you see when you open the abdominal cavity is the liver, which is very impressive. The histological structure of poultry liver is also quite different from that of other animals. There are also structures of hepatic lobules, but it’s not obvious and the boundary is not clear. In addition, the stem cells are not cord like, but like acini. Liver is the most important biochemical factory in the body. You can say it's an endocrine organ, because it secretes bile. You can say it's an immune organ, and you know that there's an important immune cell called Kupffer Cell, the majority of the cells in the whole body in the liver is about 80%. In addition, the liver of poultry has lymphoid follicles, and the poultry does not have lymph nodes, so it is an immune organ. The liver is the target organ of many pathogenic microorganisms and poisons, with many kinds of lesions, heavy lesions, strong characteristics, easy to observe, which is the diagnostic basis for many diseases. If you want to diagnose diseases, it should be based on the liver lesions. Liver disease classification depends on which perspective to analyze. Here are three kinds of liver diseases that are often encountered and difficult to diagnose. 1. Inclusion hepatitis in poultry The hemorrhagic metamorphic inflammation of liver caused by a variety of serotypes of group I adenovirus mainly occurs in 3-15 week old chickens, most of which occur in 3-7 week old chickens. Broilers are most susceptible, and ducks can also be infected. It is mainly transmitted vertically through the eggs with virus or horizontally. The course of disease stopped after 7 to 10 days, and the mortality was between 10% and 30%. The pathological changes were characterized by hepatodegenerative swelling, pale or earthy yellow color and brittle with flaky or patchy hemorrhage. Microscopic examination of the liver cell showed the degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and the formation of intranuclear red staining inclusions. Liver degeneration, swelling, brittle and fragile, with spotty bleeding on the surface red staining inclusions. 2. Viral hepatitis type E - big liver and big spleen Chicken big liver and spleen disease is a kind of viral infectious disease of chicken, which is mainly caused by the pathogenic infection such as hepatitis E. It mainly infects the white breeders, but also occurs in the laying hens which produce brown shell eggs. The disease usually occurs in summer and autumn. 20-58 week old chickens are susceptible to the disease and spread quickly. It can spread to the whole group in 1-2 weeks, resulting in egg production rate drop sharply or failure to reach the peak season. The disease lasts for several weeks, with a mortality rate of about 1%, causing great economic losses to the farms. The size of liver and spleen in typical cases was extremely growing, several times than normal. The appearance looks like marble. There are many small bleeding spots or necrotic foci under the liver capsule, and many pale foci on the surface or section of spleen. 3. Ulcerative enteritis It is caused by Clostridium coli. The liver has pale yellow streaks, even large irregular yellow necrosis areas or scattered gray or yellow small necrosis foci. The pathological changes of the liver varied from mild pale yellow spot necrosis to large irregular necrosis area on the edge of the liver. Ulcers can occur in any part of the small intestine and cecum. Swelling of liver with yellowish white necrotic spots.
How to Increase Feed Utilization Rate and Reduce the Cost
How to Increase Feed Utilization Rate and Reduce the Cost? In recent years, as prices have risen, feed prices have also risen. The increase in feed prices has meant increased costs for aquaculture farmers. The cost of feed is determined by the price of feed and the FCR. When the price of feed rises, how to choose high quality feed, improve feed utilization, and reduce FCR are the key point, Then in aquaculture industry How can we reduce feed costs? Control the feeding amount The appropriate feeding amount refers to the feeding amount when the FCR is the highest and the animals grow faster . When the feeding amount is too low, the animals are hungry and the growth slower ; if the feeding amount is too high, the feed is often excreted without complete digestion and absorption. The low feed utilization rate not only causes waste, but also causes water pollution. In aquaculture, it is advisable that each feeding amount can ensure more than 80% of fullness. Rational control of water quality Animals live in the water, bad water quality has direct impact to their physiology, bad water quality can affect appetite, resulting in decreased intestinal digestion function, so in the breeding process, to prevent water pollution, build good water environment, ensure the normal growth of aquacultural animal, can reduce the feed coefficient rate, saving the cost of feed. Choose a nutritionally complete feed At various stages of aquaculture need the feed nutrients are not the same, if we want to reduce feed costs in the breeding, the feed nutrition must meet the needs of the aquatic animals, try to be a variety of ingredients, add trace elements, don't choose the poor quality of the feed. Good disease prevention and control Whether the body is healthy directly affects the level of feed coefficient. In daily management work, adhere to the principle of "prevention first, prevention and treatment combined", do a good job in prevention and health care, to ensure the health of aquaculture animals. In short, reducing the cost of feed in farming is a comprehensive work. Accurate and appropriate feed feeding is the most important part of farming technology, and it is also a key point in reducing the coefficient of feed. Improve economic efficiency in animal farming industry.
